|
nrdl;lu; eNlrd; Nghd;w jkpo;j; jiytu;fs; 'rpq;ff; nfhbahdJ ,yq;ifj; jPtpd;
rfy kf;fisAk; gpujpepjpj;Jtg; gLj;Jfpd;w Njrpaf; nfhbf;Fupa mk;rq;fis
nfhz;bUf;ftpy;iy" vd;w fUj;ijf; nfhz;bUe;jhu;fs;. ,jd; fhuzkhf 6 Mk; jpfjp
khu;r; khjk; 1948 Mk; Mz;L mjhtJ KjyhtJ Rje;jpu jpdf; nfhbNaw;wj;jpd; gpd;G>
,yq;iff;fhd Njrpaf; nfhbnahd;iw Kiwahf(!) tbtikf;Fk; nghUl;L xU njupTf;FOit
gpujku; b.v];.Nrdehaf;f epakpj;jhu;. mjpy;
SWRD
gz;lhuehaf;fh> Nru; N[hd;
nfhj;jyhit> N[.MH.n[atu;j;jdd> N[.MH. [ah>
Dr.LA
uh[gf;r> GG
nghd;dk;gyk;> nrdl;lu; eNlrd; MfpNahu; mq;fk; tfpj;jhu;fs;. ,jpy; %tu;
gpd;dhspy; ,yq;ifapd; gpujk ke;jpupahf gjtpNaw;whu;fs; vd;gJ NtW tplak;.
1950 Mk; Mz;L ngg;utup khjk; 14 Mk; ehs; ,e;jf;FO ,yq;ifapd; Njrpaf;
nfhbf;fhd jdJ gupe;Jiuia mspj;jJ. thNse;jpa rpq;fj;ij nfhbapy; mg;gbNa
itj;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;Wk; rpWghd;ik ,dj;jtu;fshd jkpoiuAk;> K];ypk;fisAk;
gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;Jk; tifapy; kQ;rs;> gr;ir tz;zq;fis Nghl;l ,uz;L NfhLfs;
Nkyjpfkhf Nru;f;fg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;Wk; ,e;jf;FO gupe;Jiu nra;jJ. ,e;jf;FOtpd;
ngUk;ghd;ikNahu; vLj;j ,e;j KbTf;F nrdl;lu; eNlrd; ,zf;fk; njuptpf;ftpy;iy.
mjw;fhd fhuzq;fisj; njuptpj;j mtu; 15.02.1950 md;Nw Xu; mwpf;ifiaAk;
ntspapl;lhu;.
,e;jg;Gjpa nfhb Fwpj;Jk; mjD}Nl nrhy;yg;gLfp;w rpy nra;jpfisAk; ehk; rw;W
ftdpg;Nghk;.
thNse;jpa rpq;ff; nfhbapd; ehd;F %iyfspYk;> ngsj;j kjj;ij Fwpf;Fk;
murkuj;jpd; ,iyfs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. Mdhy; rpWghd;ikapdiug; gpujpgypg;gjhfr;
nrhy;yg;gLk; kQ;rs; gr;irf;NfhLfs; thNse;jpa rpq;fj;NjhL Nru;e;J
,Uf;ftpy;iy. rpq;fk; ,Uf;fpd;w rJuj;Jf;F mg;ghy;> mjw;F ntspNajhd;
rpWghd;ikapdiug; gpujpepjpj;Jtk; nra;tjhf nrhy;yg;gLfpd;w ,e;j ,U
tz;zf;NfhLfs; ,Uf;fpd;wd.
mjhtJ ,e;j ,uz;L rpWghd;ik ,dq;fSk; rpq;fs Njrj;jpd; vy;iyf;F ntspNa
,Ug;gjhfTk;, me;j ,dq;fisj; jLj;J epWj;jtjw;fhf> rpq;fk; jd;ifapy;
thSld; fz;fhzpj;J epw;gjhfTk; cUtfg;gLj;jg; gLfpd;wJ.
,d;W jkpou;fs; jkpoPo jdpauir mikj;J gpup;e;J NghfNtz;Lk; vd;W tpUk;Gtjw;F
Kd;ghfNt 59 Mz;LfSf;F Kd;gjhfNt> my;yJ 57 Mz;LfSf;F Kd;gjhfNt rpq;fsNjrk;
~NfhL| Nghl;L gpupj;J tpl;lJ. jdJ Njrpaf; nfhbapNyNa NfhL Nghl;L
gpupj;Jf; fhl;ba xNu xU Njrk; rpwpyq;fhthfj;jhd; ,Uf;f KbAk;.
ghupa ,uhZt eltbf;if xd;iw 1995 ,y; Nkw;nfhz;L aho;g;ghzj;jpypUe;J
Ie;J yl;rk; jkpo; kf;fis ntspNaw;wp tpl;L rpq;ff;nfhbia ahopy; Vw;wpaijAk;>
md;iwa mjpgu; re;jpupf;fh mk;ikahUf;F ~ahg;g gl;Ldit| fz;bapy;
gl;laj;jpD}lhf ifaspj;jijAk; rpwpyq;fhtpd; Rje;jpu jpdj;jpy; ehk; epidT
$uyhk;.
1972 Mk; Mz;L Nk khjk; 22 Mk; jpfjp 'FbauRr; rpwpyq;fhthf| ~Gjpa Njhw;wk;|
xd;iwf; nfhz;lNghJ xU Gjpa mur ,yr;rpidia rpwpyq;fh cUthf;fpaJ. mjpy;
thNse;jpa rpq;fk; cs;sJ. #upad; cs;sJ. re;jpuDk; cs;sJ. Mdhy;
rpWghd;ikapdiug; gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;Jk; ,e;j ,uz;L tz;zq;fs; kl;Lk; ,y;iy.
gpupg;gJ jkpou;fs; my;y!
gpupj;jJ rpq;fsNkahFk;!
rpwpyq;fhtpd;
Njrpaf;nfhbf;F cs;NsNa ,j;jid ntWg;Gk; JNtrKk;> NgupdthjKk; cs;snjd;gJ
xUGwk; ,Uf;fl;Lk;. fle;j 59 Mz;Lfhyg;gFjpapy; murpay; uPjpahf jkpou;fisr;
rpq;fs muR vt;thW xLf;fp te;Js;sJ vd;gij gl;bay; ,l;lhy; mJNt xU
jdpr;rupj;jpukhf ePSk;. mbg;gilahd rpy tplaq;fis kl;Lk; ftdj;jpy;
nfhs;Nthk;.
nghJthf cyfyhtpa murpay; tifapy; Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl;l nfhs;ifnahd;iw
gpupj;jhdpa rhk;uh[;aKk; Vw;Wf;nfhz;bUe;jJ. mjhtJ thf;FupikAs;s gpupl;b];
Njrq;fs; (nkhop uPjpahf
ENGLISH, IRISH, SCOTTISH, WELSH)
Nghd;wit jq;fSila ngUk;ghd;ik thf;Fupik Clhf gpup;e;J nrd;W jdpahd> Rje;jpu
,iwikAs;s ehlhf mika tpUk;gpdhy; mjw;;F jilapy;iy. cjhuzj;jpw;F 1922 Mk;
Mz;L mau;yhe;J vLj;j KbitAk; Iup]; FbauR cUthdijAk; $wyhk;. Mdhy; ,NjNghy;
1977 Mk; Mz;L jkpou; Njrk; [dehaf Kiwapy; Nju;jy; Clhf gpupe;J nry;tjw;fhd
kf;fs; Mizia ngw;wNghJ mjid rpq;fs muR Gwk; js;spaJ. rpq;fs murpd; me;j
nra;if Gjpjhd xdW my;y. ,yq;if Rje;juk; mile;j jpdj;jpypUe;Nj mJ mt;thW jhd;
nrayhw;wp tUfpd;;wJ.
cjhuzj;jpw;F xU tplaj;ijg; ghu;g;Nghk;. rpwpyq;fh vd;fpd;w ,yq;if vd;fpd;w
CEYLON
vd;W> md;W miof;fg;gl;l Njrk; gpupl;b]; rhk;uh[;aj;jplkpUe;J
jd;Dila Rje;jpuj;ijg; Nghuhl;lk; vJTk; ,d;wp ngWfp;w fhyk; mz;kpj;j Ntisapy;
mjhtJ fpl;lj;jl;l1944k; Mz;L gFjpapy; Nrhy;gup gpuG
(LORD
SOULBURY)
vd;gtiu ,yq;if murpay;; ahg;gpid rPu;nraw;gLj;Jk; FOtpw;Fj; jiytuhf md;iwa
gpupj;jhdpa muR epakpj;jpUe;jJ. Rje;jpu ,yq;iff;fhd ahg;gpy; md;W Nrhy;gu;
gpuG rl;lkhf;fpa (1948) ruj;J 29d; ehd;F gpupTfis ,g;NghJ ftdpg;Nghk;.
- ve;j xU kjj;jpdJk; Rje;jpukhd ,af;fj;ij jilnra;Ak; my;yJ fl;lg;gLj;Jk;
rl;l %yq;fis rl;lkhf epiwNtw;w KbahJ.
-
ve;j xU r%fj;ijNah my;yJ kjj;ijNah Nru;e;jtu; kPJ Rkj;jg;glhj
nghWg;Gf;fisNah> fl;Lg;ghLfisNah ,d;ndhU r%fj;ijNah> kjj;ijNah Nru;e;jtu;
kPJ Rkj;Jk; rl;l%yq;fis rl;lkhf epiwNtw;w KbahJ.
- xU r%fj;ijNah my;yJ kjj;ijNah
Nru;e;jtu;fSf;F toq;fg;gLfpd;w rpwg;G cupikfSk; rYiffSk; Vida r%fj;ijNah
kjj;ijNah Nru;e;jtu;fSf;F toq;f kWf;Fk; rl;l %yq;fisr; rl;lkhf epiwNtw;w
KbahJ.
-
ve;j
xU kj epWtdj;jpd; ahg;igAk; me;j epWtdj;jpd; epu;thf rigapd; mDkjpapd;wp
khw;w Kidfpd;w rl;l %yq;fis rl;lkhf epiwNtw;w KbahJ.
Mdhy; Nrhy;gup gpuG rl;lkhf;fpa murpay; ahg;gpd; ruj;J 29; gpupTfisg;
gpd;dhspy; gz;lhuehaf;fhtpd; muR kPwpaJ. rpq;fsk; kl;Lk; kw;Wk; jkpo; mur
cj;jpNahfj;jUf;F rpq;fs nkhopj;Nju;r;rpap;d; mtrpak; vd;gJ Nghd;w rl;lq;fs;
,aw;wg;gl;ld. ,r;rl;lq;fs; jkpopdj;ijg; gytPdg;gLj;Jtjw;fhfNt ,aw;wg;gl;ld.
mj;NjhL rpq;fs ,dj;ij kl;LNk Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhd tifapy; rl;lq;fs;
,aw;wg;gl;L mit Kiwahf mkyhf;fg;gl;ld.
,g;gbg;gl;l nraw;ghLfs; %yk; rpwpyq;fh> jhd; ~[dehafj;Jf;F Gwk;ghd xU ehL|
vd;gij ep&gpj;Js;sJ. mj;NjhL kl;Lky;yhJ rl;lj;Jf;Fk; ahg;Gf;Fk; Gwk;ghd mjd;
nraw;ghLfs; %ykhf jhd; xU ~,iwik ,y;yhj ehL| vd;gijAk; mJ ep&gpj;J
epw;fpd;wJ.
,e;jf;fUj;ij ehk; Kd;du; xUKiw ju;f;fpj;jpUe;jNghJk; ,e;jf; fl;Liuf;fhd
fUj;Jf;fspd; KOik fUjp rpwpyq;fhtpd; ,iwik Fwpj;J kPz;Lk; ju;f;fpf;f
tpiofpd;Nwhk;.
rpwpyq;fhtpd; ,iwik? Fwpj;J rl;luPjpahfTk; jPu;g;G xd;W toq;fg;gl;lij ,q;F
Fwpg;gpLtJ nghUj;jkhdjhf ,Uf;f$Lk;.
1962 Mk; Mz;L ,yq;if mur Copauhd NfhB];tud; vd;gtu; rpq;fs nkhopj;
Nju;r;rpf;fhd guPl;irf;Fj; Njhw;Wtjw;F kWj;jhu;. mjd; fhuzkhf mtUila rk;gs
cau;Tfs; jLf;fg;gl;ld. mjid vjpu;j;J Nfhb];tud; mtu;fs; 1962 Mk; Mz;L ,yq;if
muRf;F vjpuhf nfhOk;G khtl;l ePjpkd;wj;jpy; tof;F xd;iw njhLj;jhu;. Nrhy;gup
gpuGthy; ,aw;wg;gl;l murpay; ahg;gpd; ruj;J 29 ,d; gpupT
2.B
kw;Wk; 2.C
f;F vjpuhf rpq;fs muR fUk nkhopr; rl;lk; cs;sJ vd;W NfhB];tud; thjpl;lhu;.
,e;j tof;if tprhupj;j ePjpgjp
O.L.De Krester
vd;gtu; Vw;Wf;nfhz;L ~rpq;fsk;
kl;Lk;| rl;lk; vd;gjhdJ murpay; ahg;gpd; rl;l ty;yikapd; Nehf;fj;Jf;F KuzhdJ
vd jPu;g;gspj;jhu;.
,e;jj; jPu;g;ig vjpu;j;J
,yq;if cau;ePjpkd;wj;jpy; ,yq;if muR KiwaPL nra;jJ. Xu; mur Copau; murpw;F
vjpuhf tof;F njhluKbahJ vd;W fhuzk; fhl;b ,yq;if cau;ePjpkd;wk; ,yq;if
murpw;F rhjfkhf jPu;g;ig toq;fpaJ. Mdhy; NfhB];tud; mtu;fs; ,e;j jPu;g;ig
vjpu;j;J ,yz;ld;
PRIVY COUNCIL
,y; ,e;j tof;F Fwpj;J toq;fpa jPu;g;G kpf
Kf;fpakhdjhFk;.
~,e;j tof;fpd; jPu;g;G ,yq;if murpd; ahg;gpid kPWfpd;wjh vd;gjid ,yq;if
cau;ePjpkd;wk; ghu;f;f Ntz;Lk;| vd;W ,yz;ld;
PRIVY COUNCIL
jPu;g;G toq;fpaJ. mjhtJ murpay;
ahg;gpid ePjpj;Jiw fl;Lg;gLj;j KbahJ vd;W ,yz;ld;
PRIVY COUNCIL
$wpaJ.
Mdhy; gpd;du; vd;d ele;jJ?.
NfhB];tudpd; tof;F ,yq;if cau;ePjpkd;wj;jpd; Kd; kPz;Lk; tuKbahky; Nghapw;W.
fhuzk; 1970 Mk; Mz;L gjtpf;F te;j jpUkjp rpwpkhNth gz;lhuehaf;fh> ,yz;ld;
PRIVY COUNCIL
,w;F Nkd;KiwapLk; tof;fj;ij ,uj;Jr; nra;jhu;. mj;NjhL kl;Lk; epd;Wtplhky;
rl;lj;Jf;Fk;> ePjpf;Fk; Gwk;ghf> 1972 Mk; Mz;L ,yq;if murpd; ahg;gpid
khw;wpaikj;jhu;.
1947 Mk; Mz;by; ,aw;wg;gl;l ,yq;if murpay; ahg;ig> rpwpkhNth gz;lhuehaf;fh
1972 ,y; Kw;whf khw;wpaikj;jhu;. ,jpy; jkpou;fspd; gq;fspg;Ngh> my;yJ MjuNth
,Uf;ftpy;iy. cyf tuyhw;wpy; rjp %ykhfNth my;yJ Gul;rp %ykhfNth jhd; ,t;thW
murpay; ahg;Gfs; khw;wg;gl;Ls;sd. md;iwa fhyfl;lj;jpy; jkpou;fspd; rfy
cupikfisAk; gwpg;gjw;fhf ,yq;ifj;jPit Fbaurhf;fp mjd; murpay; ahg;igAk;
khw;Wfpd;w Kaw;rpia rpwpkhNth gz;lhuehaf;fh Nkw;nfhz;L mjpy; ntw;wpAk;
ngw;whu;.
,it %yk; rpwpyq;fh jd;Dila
,iwikia rl;luPjpahfTk; murpay; ahg;G uPjpahfTk; ,oe;J tpl;lJ.
Vndd;why;> md;W ,t;thW
murpay; ahg;gpid khw;Wtjw;F gpupj;jhdpa murpDila
Queen in Council
,d; my;yJ gpupj;jhdpa kfhuhzpapd; mDkjpNahL gpupj;jhdpag; ghuhSkd;wk;
xg;Gjy; xd;iw nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;. mt;thW nfhLf;fg;gLfpd;w xg;GjNyhLjhd;>
rpwpkhNth gz;lhuehaf;fh jd;Dila murpay; ahg;G khw;wj;ij nfhz;L te;jpUf;f
Ntz;Lk;. mg;gb nra;ahj fhuzj;jpdhy; 1972 Mk; Mz;L rpwpyq;fh muR nfhz;Lte;j
Gjpa murpay; ahg;G vd;gjhdJ rl;lj;Jf;Fk;> ePjpf;Fk; Gwk;ghdJ vd;gjhy; mjw;F
mjhtJ rpwpyq;fh murpw;F - ,iwik vd;gJ fpilahJ!
,jid cWjpg;gLj;Jk; tifapy;
FOREMOST CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY ON COMMONWELTH
CONSITITUTIONS PROFESSOR S.A.D SMITH
vd;gtu; rpwpkhNth
gz;lhuehaf;fhtpd; ,e;j murpay; ahg;ig fLikahff; fz;bj;jpUf;fpwhu;.
nts;isauhd Nguhrpupau;
SAD SMITH
mtu;fs; rpwpyq;fhtpd; ahg;G
rl;ltpNuhjkhdJ (ILLEGAL)
vd;W md;Nw fz;ldk; njuptpj;jpUe;jhu;.
1972 Mk; Mz;bYk;> 1978 Mk; Mz;bYk; rpwpyq;fhtpd; murpay; ahg;Gfs;
,aw;wg;gl;L mKyhf;fg;gl;l NghJ jkpou;fs; gq;fspg;Gk; jutpy;iy. MjuTk;
jutpy;iy.
,q;Nf xU Kf;fpakhd tplaj;ij Rl;bf;fhl;l tpUk;GfpNwhk;. jdp xUtu; vOg;gpa
cupikg; gpur;ridf;fhf (mtu; xU jkpouhf ,Ue;j fhuzj;jpdhy;) rpwpyq;fhtpd;
ahg;Ng khw;wpaikf;fg;gl;lJ. ,e;j epiy NkYk; njhlUk; vd;gjpy; re;Njfkpy;iy.
eilKiwapy; ,Ue;j ahg;gpD}lhf rl;luPjpahfg; Nghuhbg; ngw;w ntw;;wpiag; gwpf;f
Ntz;Lk; vd;gjw;fhf Gjpa ahg;G xd;iw rpwpyq;fh muR cUthf;fpaJ. rpwpyq;fh
muNrhL Ngrp ve;j rkhjhd jPu;g;igg; ngw;;whYk; mLj;j rpq;fs muR kPz;Lk;
ahg;ig jpUj;jp epiyikia gioa ghjhsj;jpw;Fs; js;Sk; vd;gjpy; re;Njfkpy;iy.
rpq;fs ngsj;j Ngupdthjj;jpw;F Njitg;gLk; gl;rj;jpy; rpwpyq;fhtpd; ePjpj;Jiw>
murpay; ahg;ig fl;Lg;gLj;Jk;. Mdhy; me;j ePjpj;Jiwapd; ePjpauru;fs; jkJ
gjtpfSf;fhd rj;jpag;gpukhzj;ij vLf;Fk;NghNj murpay; ahg;ig fhg;ghw;WNthk;
vd;Wjhd; rj;jpag;gpukhzk; nra;J nfhs;fpwhu;fs;. vj;jifa ngupa Kuz;ghL ,J.
Ngupdthj rpq;fsj; jiyikfisg; nghWj;j tiuapy; ahg;Ngh [dehafNkh> rl;lNkh>
ePjpNah xU nghUl;ly;y. xg;ge;jq;fSk; fl;likg;Gj; jpl;lq;fSk; nry;yhf;
fhrhf;fg;gLk;. ,yq;if - ,e;jpa xg;ge;jKk;> Rdhkpf;fhd nghJf;fl;likg;Gk;
vLj;Jf; fhl;Lfshf tpsq;Ffpd;wd.
rpwpyq;fhtpd; Njrpaf;nfhb
jkpou;fSf;F vjpuhf ,Uf;fpd;wJ. rpwpyq;fhtpd; murpay; ahg;G jkpou;fSf;F
vjpuhdjhf ,Uf;fpd;wJ. rpwpyq;fhtpd; rl;lKk;;> ePjpAk; jkpou;fSf;F vjpuhf
,Uf;fpd;wd. vy;yhtw;wpw;Fk; Nkyhf rpwpyq;fh xU ,iwik ,y;yhj ehlhf
,Uf;fpd;wJ.
,g;gbg;gl;l xU ehLjhd; jd;Dila ~Rje;jpu jpdj;ijf;| nfhz;lhLfpd;wJ.
,e;jg; ngsj;j rpq;fs
Ngupdthjpfs; jkpo; kf;fspd; cupikfis gwpj;njLj;jJ kl;Lky;yhky;> fPo; kl;lr;
rpq;fs nghJkf;fisAk; mbikr;Nrw;;wpy; jhd; coy itj;jpUf;fpwhu;fs;.
jkpou;fSf;F jkf;Fr; Rje;jpuk; ,y;iy vd;gJTk;> mjw;fhfg; Nghuhl Ntz;Lk;
vd;gJTk; njupAk;. Mdhy; ngUk;ghd;ikr; rpq;fsg; nghJkf;fNsh jkf;Fk; cz;ikahd
Rje;jpuk; ,y;iy vd;gNjh mjw;fhf Nghuhl Ntz;Lk; vd;gNjh ,d;dKk; njupahky;
,Uf;fpd;wJ. mij mtu;fs; mwpe;J> czu;e;J Nghuhlj; njhlq;ifapy; jhd;.
mtu;fSf;fhd Gjpa Rje;jpu jpdKk;> Gjpa Njrpaf; nfhbAk; mtu;fSf;F fpl;Lk;.
mJtiu mtu;fSila ,e;jr; Rje;jpu jpdq;fs; (?) mu;j;jkw;witNaahFk;.
,e;jf;fl;Liuf;Fg; gy Mtzq;fSk;> Ma;Tf; fl;LiufSk; gad;gLj;jg; gl;ld.
rk;ge;jg;gl;ltu;fSf;F vdJ gzpthd ed;wpfs;. |
